Path integration is defined as

• A. Using information about self-movement & things encountered on the way to keep to your route
• B. Calculating distance to destination using GPS
• C. Estimating traffic flow
• D. Aligning with cardinal directions only

Answer: (A)

Path integration is about updating your sense of where you are by continuously using information from your own movements and the cues you encounter along the way, so you can stay on or return to your route even without external maps. The description that fits this idea is using information about self-movement and things encountered on the way to keep to your route. In practice, you’re combining cues like distance traveled, turns, and landmark observations to estimate current position and direction as you move. This is different from depending on GPS distance calculations (external device-based) or analyzing traffic flow, which aren’t about tracking your own movement to stay on a path. It’s also more than just aligning with cardinal directions, since path integration uses ongoing self-motion cues and environmental features to update your route, not a fixed directional alignment alone.